The toxicity of arsenic and its compounds varies widely, ranging from the exceedingly poisonous arsine and its organic derivatives (see arsenic poisoning) to elemental arsenic itself, which is relatively inert. Arsenical compounds in general are skin irritants, which easily cause dermatitis.
Apr 20, 2024 Arsine (AsH 3), a colorless poisonous gas composed of arsenic and hydrogen, is another familiar arsenic compound. The gas, also called arsenic hydride, is produced by the hydrolysis of metal arsenides and by the reduction by metals of arsenic compounds in acidic solutions.
Abstract. It is likely that at least some of the toxic and carcinogenic effects associated with exposure to inorganic arsenic are, in fact, due to actions of its methylated metabolites. Here, we provide an overview of current models for the biological methylation of arsenicals.
Jun 12, 2023 Introduction. Arsenic poisoning is a global health issue affecting millions of people worldwide through environmental and occupational exposure, as well as intentional suicide and homicide attempts.
METHYLATION OF ARSENIC COMPOUNDS. It has been known for almost 100 years that inorganic arsenic compounds, such as cupric arsenite and copper acetoarsenite, can emit a poisonous gas. 136 This gas, trimethylarsine, is formed by the action of molds.
Dec 7, 2022 Inorganic arsenic compounds (such as those found in water) are highly toxic while organic arsenic compounds (such as those found in seafood) are less harmful to health. Acute effects The immediate symptoms of acute arsenic poisoning include vomiting, abdominal pain and diarrhoea.
Images & Videos. Related. The semimetallic element arsenic is a dangerous poison. It has served humankind well, however, as a killer of germs and insect pests. Doctors use chemical derivatives of arsenic to treat certain tropical diseases.
AS3MT encodes an enzyme responsible for the methylation of inorganic arsenic (iAs) to its less toxic metabolites, monomethylarsonic acid (MMA) and dimethylarsinic acid (DMA). This methylation process is a crucial step in arsenic metabolism and detoxification ( Andrew et al., 2006 ).
Apr 1, 2022 The toxicity of arsenic compounds varies greatly and may depend on their chemical form, solubility, and concentration. Surprisingly, synthetic organoarsenicals are extremely toxic molecules which created interest in their development as chemical warfare agents (CWAs) during World War I (WWI).
Dec 8, 2023 Conclusions: Arsenic toxicity represents a complex and pervasive public health issue with far-reaching implications. Understanding the diverse pathways through which arsenic exerts its toxic effects is crucial to developing effective mitigation strategies and interventions.
Jan 1, 2015 arsenic. sources. redox potential. hydrothermal. geothermal. arsenic-bearing minerals. Chapter Outline. 1.1. Introduction 1. 1.2. Chemistry of Arsenic 2. 1.3. Arsenic Minerals and Compounds 8. 1.4. Organoarsenicals 11. 1.5. Arsenic Mobilization in the Environment 13. 1.6. Sources of Arsenic in Biosphere 16. 1.7.
arsenic poisoning, Harmful effects of arsenic compounds (in pesticides, chemotherapy drugs, paints, etc.), most often from insecticide exposure. Susceptibility varies. Arsenic is believed to combine with certain enzymes, interfering with cellular metabolism.
One of the simplest arsenic compound is the trihydride, the highly toxic, flammable, pyrophoric arsine (AsH 3 ). This compound is generally regarded as stable, since at room temperature it decomposes only slowly. At temperatures of 250300 C decomposition to arsenic and hydrogen is rapid. [3]
Nov 21, 2021 Arsenobetaine (AB) is the predominant organoarsenic species found in most finfish and shellfish, typically accounting for more than 90% of the total As [ 14, 57, 62 ]. Fortunately, the most toxic inorganic As species are accumulated in greater quantity at lower trophic levels in the food chain.
1. , 2. , 3. ). There are two different oxidative states of arsenic that correlate with its cytotoxic potential, As (III) and As (V). Among them, As (III) is the most potent form and primarily accounts for its pro-apoptotic and inhibitory effects on target cells and tissues ( 3. ).
Arsenic is found to be phytotoxic, carcinogenic, and bio-toxic even at low concentrations [11], and the level of toxicity is associated with the degree of metabolic rate and its accrual in the tissues. In general, arsenic toxicity follows the order AsH3 > As3+ > As5+ > RAs - X.
May 28, 2020 Arsenic is a highly dangerous element, as As(III) is 100 times more toxic than As(V) (Andres and Bertin 2016; Rascovan et al. 2016). Its greatest toxicity is due to the fact that it can bind to sulfhydryl groups, affecting the correct functioning of many enzymes and proteins (Belfiore et al. 2013 ; Kurth et al. 2017 ; Ordoez et al. 2015 , 2018 ).
Oct 5, 2021 Arsenic compounds: The wide application and mechanisms applied in acute promyelocytic leukemia and carcinogenic toxicology. Guangzhi Liu a. , Yurong Song a. , Chenxi Li a. , Rui Liu a. , Youwen Chen a. , Liuchunyang Yu a. , Qingcai Huang a. , Dongjie Zhu a. , Cheng Lu b. , Xue Yu c. , Cheng Xiao d. , Yuanyan Liu a. Show more. Add to Mendeley.
Jul 22, 2022 By Charles Choi. last updated 22 July 2022. The deadly toxin can be difficult to detect. Pure arsenic is a steel-gray, brittle solid. It is typically found in the environment combined with...
Arsenious oxide (arsenic trioxide or white arsenic, As 2 O 3) is used in pesticides, as a pigment, and as a preservative of hides and wood; this is the poisonous arsenic ( see arsenic poisoning) in detective stories. Arsenic pentoxide (As 2 O 5) is also used in insecticides, herbicides, metal adhesives, and pigments.
Aug 1, 2021 . Arsenic toxicity is highly diverse and complex depending on its chemical form. . As toxicity is mainly associated with oxidative stress mechanisms. . AQP, HXT, phosphate channels, and ABC are involved in As influx/efflux systems. . Freshwater and marine organisms have As-specific biotransformation systems. Abstract.
6 days ago Arsine can be generated from other arsenic compounds (arsenites and arsenates) by some fungi and bacteria (1, 4). Arsine formation is also thought to occur in the environment in places such as ...
Dec 24, 2022 Arsenic produces toxic effects in the nervous system, cardiovascular system, kidneys, liver, and lungs (Singh et al. 2011; Balarastaghi et al. 2022 ); these effects include acute (e.g. vomiting and diarrhea) and chronic (e.g. skin rash, changes in pigmentations, peripheral neuropathy, gastrointestinal symptoms, diabetes, renal failure, enlarged ...